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快3网站2023-01-31 16:05

中新网评:美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******

  中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后,美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕,众议院共和党领袖凯文·麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录,将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。

  资料图:美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀摄

  由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素,众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中,美国民主党议员继续抱团,多轮投票中,一票不投麦卡锡,共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。

  麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折,除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外,与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。

  一方面,共和党党内反对者认为,麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱,无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府,另一方面,因为共和党的多数优势微弱,党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大,有利于他们巩固自己的选票。

  此外,党内反对者也认为,自己的选票没有换取更多利益,希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步,比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。

  作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物,众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任,选举几乎没有悬念。然而,麦卡锡此次为当选,不得不做出多个关键让步,其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制,使得众议长的权力被削弱,难以掌控众议院。

  美国有线电视新闻网CNN称,麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步,这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。

  这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下,党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上,美国两党相互拆台,陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内,也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系,相互对抗,选票变成了谋利益的工具。

  从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举,“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈,长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力,其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。

  两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病,美国所谓的“民主”形象,让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举,变成了政客们利益置换的游戏,进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能,不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。

  House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy

  (ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".

  The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.

  Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.

  On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.

  On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.

  Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.

  As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.

  But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.

  CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.

  This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.

  Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.

  From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.

  Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.

  The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.

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中国动物园协会:已与美方协商尽早接回“丫丫”和“乐乐”两只大熊猫******

  光明网讯“鉴于两只大熊猫已进入老年期,‘丫丫’目前皮肤病情况不适宜继续展出,中国动物园协会已与美方积极协商,尽早接回两只大熊猫。”近日,旅美大熊猫“丫丫”和“乐乐”将要回国一事引发网友关注,中国动物园协会教授级高工、副会长谢钟回应了有关情况。

  中国动物园协会与美国孟菲斯动物园于2003年启动了中美大熊猫保护与研究项目,参与合作研究的两只大熊猫分别来自北京动物园的“丫丫”(雌性,出生日期:2000年8月3日,谱系号507)和来自上海动物园的“乐乐”(雄性,出生日期:1998年7月18日,谱系号466)。近年来,许多大熊猫爱好者对大熊猫“丫丫”的饲养管理和健康等问题非常关注。

  谢钟表示,在大熊猫爱好者提出大熊猫“丫丫”疑似“受虐”的反映后,中国动物园协会组织中国农业大学、成都大熊猫繁育研究基地、中国大熊猫保护研究中心、北京动物园、上海动物园,以及美国孟菲斯动物园、华盛顿国家动物园和亚特兰大动物园的专家对大熊猫“丫丫”进行了多次健康评估,根据视频资料、月度健康报告、年度体检报告等信息综合判断,大熊猫“丫丫”血液检测基本正常,影像学检查无异常,未发现器质性病变,属于中等健康水平,并且大熊猫在孟菲斯动物园得到了较好的照顾,未有“虐待”大熊猫的情况。我驻美大使馆也专门派代表实地查看了孟菲斯动物园大熊猫饲养情况,确认了大熊猫在美得到了悉心的照顾。

  据悉,为迎接大熊猫的到来,孟菲斯动物园在2003年耗资1600万美元建成了极具中国传统文化特色、功能齐全的大熊猫场馆,建立了优秀的饲养管理和兽医团队,开辟了10英亩的竹林,每天有专门的团队为大熊猫采集新鲜的竹子,定量提供熊猫饼干、葡萄和甘蔗等辅食。孟菲斯动物园始建于1906年,饲养展出野生动物500余种4500余只,多次被美国行业协会和媒体评为美国最佳动物园之一,具备良好的野生动物饲养管理、疾病防控、安全管理条件和水平。

  谢钟介绍,在大熊猫抵达孟菲斯动物园后,该园每月根据大熊猫每日体重、进食量、粪便量等信息向中方提交大熊猫月健康报告,每年提交两只大熊猫的医学体检报告,中国动物园协会及时组织中方专家进行审阅和评估,并多次组织工作团组赴美开展实地考察和饲养交流。

  据介绍,大熊猫“丫丫”自2006年开始出现轻微脱毛现象,到2014年逐渐加重。针对大熊猫脱毛现象,谢钟表示,其原因在于该皮肤病与其家族有关,并随着大熊猫年龄增长逐渐加重,季节性变化导致的激素变化也会产生影响,从而造成大熊猫毛发稀疏不均,严重影响大熊猫的外表美观度。孟菲斯动物园和中方对此十分重视,组织双方专家会商研究,采取多种方案进行治疗,但未获得预期疗效。该疾病治愈难度大,效果有限,是当前圈养大熊猫饲养中的难题。(张佳兴)

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